What does virtualization in computing refer to?

Virtualization in computing fundamentally involves the process of simulating physical computing resources as virtual ones. This technique allows for the abstraction of hardware resources, enabling multiple virtual machines (VMs) to run on a single physical machine. Each virtual machine operates as an independent system with its own operating system and applications, while sharing the underlying physical hardware.

This approach brings several benefits, such as improved resource utilization, easier management, and the ability to run different operating systems on the same physical machine. Virtualization allows organizations to consolidate their hardware, reduce costs, and enhance scalability by quickly provisioning and de-provisioning virtual machines as needed.

Creating copies of physical hardware is not accurate in the context of virtualization. Although virtualization can involve creating VMs that mimic the properties of physical hardware, it does not refer to making physical copies; rather, it’s about creating virtual representations managed by software. Upgrading existing hardware isn’t a part of virtualization as it focuses on software-defined configurations rather than hardware enhancements. Networking multiple computers describes a completely different concept related to connecting devices for communication rather than simulating resources.