How does RAM differ from ROM?

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is designed for temporary storage, allowing data to be read and written quickly while a computer is powered on. This type of storage is volatile, meaning it loses all stored information when the power is turned off. In contrast, ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is used for permanent storage. It contains data that is not intended to be modified frequently, such as firmware or system boot instructions, and retains this information even when the power is off.

The distinction between RAM and ROM primarily concerns their purpose and duration in retaining information. RAM is ideal for applications that require quick access to data while a device is operational, whereas ROM provides the foundational instructions needed for hardware initialization and system settings that must persist across reboots.

The other provided options do not accurately represent the core differences. For instance, RAM is not read-only; it is actually writable, and ROM is not typically writable in normal operations. Additionally, RAM's volatile nature means it is temporary by design, contrary to the assertion that ROM is volatile. Finally, both RAM and ROM are integral to computer operation, with each serving different roles in managing data rather than being strictly categorized by hardware and software functions.